FUW TRENDS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(A Peer Review Journal)
e–ISSN: 2408–5162; p–ISSN: 2048–5170
keywords: Adsorption, bentonite, phenol, cadmium, kinetic, thermodynamic
In this study, Raw Bentonite (RB), Carbonized Bentonites(CB), Hydroxyiron (III) bentonite- composite (HBC), have been used for the adsorption of phenol and cadmium from aqueous solution. Effect of initial pH of adsorbates was carried out at pH 2-11 and adsorbent dosage from 0.5 to 2.5 g with 50 mL adsorbate solution. Adsorption thermodynamics were developed for 5-25 mg/L and 10-50 mg/L of phenol and cadmium solutions for 1 h. Adsorption experiments were performed for 1 h. RB, CB and HBC showed the following physicochemical characteristics: pH 7.38, 7.26 and 7.20; pHpzc: 11.00, 10.50 and 10.10; Conductivity (2μ/m):1.656, 1.660 and 1.657; Bulky density (g/cm3):1.186, 1.111 and 1.214; Attrition (%): 17.49, 26.53 and 27.21, respectively. Adsorbent features were determined using XRF, FTIR and SEM techniques. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, hydrogen bonding and aldehyde group showed that adsorbents bonds phenol and cadmium. At equilibrium, the maximum adsorption efficiencies for phenol: RB (52.020%), CB (63.468%), HBC (79.952%) and cadmium: RB (41.980%), CB (48.398%), HBC (65.830%) respectively were achieved for contact time. Adsorption capacities were found to increase with increase in contact time, temperature and concentration. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted better into the Langmuir than the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic parameters – Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy change indicated that adsorption was endothermic, meaning that chemisorption dominates physisorption. Adsorption kinetics was better explained by the Blanchard pseudo-second order kinetic model than the Lagergren first order. Overall, the adsorption of phenol was more favourable than for cadmium for all adsorbents.
Abdus-Salam N & Buhari M 2014. Adsorption of Alizarin and Fluorescein Dyes on Adsorbent prepared from Mango Seed. Pacific J. Sci. & Tech., 15(1): 232-244. Afaj HA, Mohammad RM & Mahmoud NM 2015. Removal of phenol from industrial effluents using activated carbon and Iraqi Porcelanite rocks – A comparative study. J. Ministry of Sci. & Techn., 91: 21-32. Ahmed AS, Tantawy AM, Abdallah ME & Qassim IM 2015. Characterization and application of kaolinite clay as solid phase extractor for removal of copper ions from environmental water samples. Int. J. Advanced Res., 3(3): 1-21. Ahmedna M, Marshall WE & Rao RM 2000. Production of granular activated carbon from select agricultural by-products and evaluation of their physical, chemical, and adsorptive properties. Bioresource Technology, 71(2): 113-123. Ajay KA, Mahendra SK, Chandrashekhar PP & Ishwardas LM, 2015. Kinetics study on the adsorption of ni2+ ions onto fly ash. J. Chem. Techn. & Metallurgy, 50(5): 601-605. Alinnor IJ & Nwachukwu MA 2012. Adsorption of phenol on surface – modified cassava peel from its aqueous solution. Int. J. Envtal. Sci., Mgt. & Engr. Res., 1(2): 68-76. Arellano-C´ardenas S, Gallardo-Vel´azquez T, Osorio-Revilla G, L´opez-Cort´ez Ma del S & G´omez-Perea B 2005. Adsorption of phenol and dichlorophenols from aqueous solutions by porous clay heterostructure (PCH). J. Mexican Chem. Soc., 49: 287-291. Arias F & Sen TK 2009. Removal of zinc metal ion (Zn2+) from its aqueous solution by kaolin clay mineral: A kinetic and equilibrium study. Colloid Surface Journal, 348: 100–108. Aroke U OL, El-NafatyUA & Osha OA 2013. Properties and characterization of kaolin clay from alkaleri, North-Eastern Nigeria. Int. J. Emerging Techn. & Advanced Engr., 3(11): 387-392. Bai TM, Komali K & Ventakeswarhi P 2010. Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of copper and Zinc from mixed solution by Erythrina Variegata orientalis leaf powder. India J. Chem. Techn., 17: 346-355. Bansal RC & Goyal M 2005. Activated carbon adsorption. Boca Raton, Crc press Taylor and francis group. 6000 broken sound parkway NW, suite 300 Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp. 33487-2742. Bansode RR 2002. Treatment of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants in Municipal Wastewater by Agricultural by-product based Granular Activated Carbon (GAC). Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College: Alexandria, LA. Bayat B 2002. Comparative study of adsorption properties of Turkish fly ashes I. The case of nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II). J. Hazard. Material, 95: 251–273. Bhattacharyya KG & Gupta SS 2011. Removal of Cu (II) by natural and acid-activated clays: an insight of adsorption isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics. Desalination, 272: 66–75. Bhattacharyya KG, SenGupta S & Sarma GK 2014. Interactions of the dye, rhodamine B with kaolinite and montmorillonite in water. Appl. Clay Sci., 99: 7–17. Bhole BD, Ganguly B & Madhuram A 2004. Biosorption of Methyl Violet, Basic Fuschin and Their Mixture Using
